Difference between revisions of "Talk:Hacking index"

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−	== keywords, keywords, keywords ==	+	== intermediate shellcode stuff ==
−		+	most of this stuff goes to the Category:Indexing .
−	* [[printable 32-bit instructions]]    [[Ascii shellcode#Available Instructions]]	+	* [[introduction to printable 32-bit x86 polymorphic shellcode]]
−	* [[constructing printable NOP sleds]] [[Ascii shellcode#Constructing the NOP Sled]]	+	* [[alphanumeric x86_64 instructions]]
−	* [[printable 32-bit basic encoding]]   [[Ascii shellcode#Basic Encoding]]	+	* [[intercompatible alphanumeric x86 instructions]]
−		+	* [[alphanumeric x86 architecture detection]]
−		+	* [[alphanumeric x86_64 data manipulation]]
−	4 Introduction to Polymorphic Ascii Shellcode	+	* [[converting x86_64 shellcode to alphanumeric shellcode]]
−	4.1 Pushing Nops	+
−	4.2 A sequence for exit	+
−	4.3 From assembling to machine code	+
−	4.4 Converting Exit to Printable Ascii	+
−	4.4.1 eax & ebx	+
−	4.4.2 The Kernel Interrupt	+
−	4.4.3 The Code	+
−	4.5 Testing Our Code	+
−	4.5.1 Analyzing the Buffer	+
−	4.5.2 A Successful Overflow	+
−	5 Encoding Shellcode : Ascii Art	+
−	5.1 Starting Shellcode	+
−	5.2 Comparisons and Jumps	+
−	5.3 The Ascii Art	+
−	5.4 Jump Sequencing	+
−	5.5 Ascii Art Code	+
−		+
−	Alphanumeric shellcode	+
−	1 Available x86_64 instructions	+
−	2 Alphanumeric opcode compatibility	+
−	2.1 Alphanumeric inter-compatible x86 opcodes	+
−	2.2 15 byte architecture detection shellcode	+
−	3 Alphanumeric x86_64 register value and data manipulation	+
−	3.1 Push: alphanumeric x86_64 registers	+
−	3.2 Pop: alphanumeric x86_64 registers	+
−	3.3 Prefixes	+
−	3.4 Operands	+
−	3.5 The rbx, rsp, and rbp registers	+
−	3.6 Xor	+
−	3.7 The rsi and rdi registers	+
−	3.8 Example: Zeroing Out x86_64 CPU Registers	+
−	4 64 bit shellcode: Conversion to alphanumeric code	+
−	4.1 bof.c	+
−	4.2 Starting shellcode (64-bit execve /bin/sh)	+
−	4.3 Shellcode Analysis	+
−	4.4 Stack Analysis	+
−	4.5 The Offset	+
−	4.6 The Syscall	+
−	4.7 Arguments	+
−	4.7.1 Stack Space	+
−	4.7.2 Register Initialization	+
−	4.7.3 String Argument	+
−	4.7.4 Final Registers	+
−	4.8 Final Code	+
−	4.9 Successful Overflow Test	+
−		+
−	BASH	+
−	1 Getting Started	+
−	2 File System	+
−	2.1 Directories	+
−	2.1.1 /proc	+
−	2.1.2 /etc	+
−	2.1.3 /bin	+
−	2.1.4 /sbin	+
−	2.1.5 /var	+
−	2.1.6 /home	+
−	2.1.7 /tmp	+
−	2.2 Files	+
−	2.2.1 .bashrc	+
−	2.2.2 .ssh/known_hosts	+
−	2.2.3 /etc/motd	+
−	2.3 Partitioning & Formatting	+
−	3 Commands	+
−	3.1 Text Manipulation	+
−	3.2 File Manipulation	+
−	3.3 Process Manipulation	+
−	3.4 Debugging	+
−	3.5 Network Manipulation	+
−	3.6 Firewall Manipulation	+
−	3.7 FileSystem Manipulation	+
−	3.8 Pipes & Golfing in Bash	+
−		+
−	Bitwise math	+
−	1 Introduction to Binary	+
−	1.1 Basic Addition	+
−	2 Binary to Hexadecimal	+
−	3 NOT, AND, OR and XOR	+
−	3.1 NOT	+
−	3.2 AND	+
−	3.3 OR	+
−	3.4 XOR	+
−	4 Shift and rotate	+
−	4.1 Logical Shifts	+
−	4.2 Exercises:	+
−	5 Circular Shift or Bit Rotation	+
−	6 Two's Complement	+
−	7 Overflows	+
−	8 Rotate With Carry	+
−		+
−	Coldfusion hacking	+
−	1 Injection	+
−	1.1 Adobe ColdFusion	+
−	1.1.1 Remote File Disclosure of Password Hashes	+
−	1.1.2 Issues	+
−	1.1.3 Logging In	+
−	1.1.4 Writing Shell to File	+
−	1.1.5 Issues	+
−	1.2 Railo	+
−	2 Privilege Escalation	+
−	3 Patching	+
−	4 Resources	+
	Computer Forensics		Computer Forensics
Line 127:		Line 26:
	2.1 Definititons of Cybercrime as per the Budapest Convention		2.1 Definititons of Cybercrime as per the Budapest Convention
−	DNS	+	==Network Recon==
−	1 DNS Basics	+
−	1.1 DNS Recon	+
−	2 Records	+
−	2.1 MX Record	+
−	2.2 CNAME Record	+
−	2.3 DNAME Record	+
−	2.4 A Record	+
−	3 DNS Server Software	+
−	4 DNS Utilities	+
−		+
−	Facebook	+
−	1 Overview	+
−	2 History	+
−	3 FQL	+
−	4 Content Forgery	+
−	4.1 Screenshots & Video	+
−	4.2 CIDR	+
−	4.2.1 Websense	+
−	4.2.2 Facebook	+
−	4.3 Proof of Concept	+
−		+
−	GScrape	+
−	1 Introduction	+
−	2 Example	+
−	3 Source	+
−	4 Search Terms	+
−		+
−	Google 2-Factor Authentication Vulnerability	+
−	1 What you need	+
−	2 Victim Requirements	+
−	3 Instructions	+
−	4 Credits	+
−		+
−	Jynx Rootkit/2.0	+
−	1 Features	+
−	2 Archive Contents	+
−	3 Configuration Options in Config.h	+
−	3.1 MAGIC_STRING	+
−	3.2 MAGIC_GID and MAGIC_UID	+
−	3.3 REALITY_PATH	+
−	3.4 CONFIG_FILE	+
−	3.5 MULTI-FACTOR AUTHENTICATION	+
−	3.6 LIBC_PATH	+
−	3.7 ENV_VARIABLE	+
−	4 Download & Installation	+
−	4.1 Installation	+
−	4.2 Usage	+
−	5 Further Reading	+
−		+
−	Lfi autopwn.pl	+
−	1 Requirements	+
−	2 Description	+
−	2.1 Features	+
−	2.2 Usage	+
−	2.3 httpdlogs.conf	+
−	2.4 Other Execution/Interesting PHP Functions	+
−	3 Source	+
−		+
−	MySql 5 Enumeration	+
−	1 Info	+
−	1.1 Example	+
−	1.2 Description	+
−	1.3 Disclaimer	+
−	2 Source	+
−		+
−	Network Recon	+
	1 IP Addressing		1 IP Addressing
	2 Subnet Masks		2 Subnet Masks
Line 201:		Line 34:
	6 Tools		6 Tools
−	Null-free shellcode
−	1 Introduction
−	2 Assembly
−	3 Conversion to shellcode
−	3.1 String argument
−	3.2 Null-byte removal
−	4 Successful overflow test
−
−	Port Knocking
−	1 1.0 - Introduction to Port Knocking
−	2 2.0 - Knocking Sequences
−	3 3.0 - Windows
−	4 3.1 - Example:
−	5 Single Packet Port Knock Example - Based on SYN/ACK Values
−
−	SQL orientation
−	1 SQL Orientation
−	1.1 Basic Database Navigation
−	1.1.1 MySQL Navigation
−	1.1.2 PostgreSQL
−	1.2 Basic Queries
−	1.2.1 SELECT - Select data from a table
−	1.2.2 UPDATE - Modify rows in a table
−	1.2.2.1 Updating multiple columns
−	1.2.3 INSERT - Add rows to a table
−	1.2.4 DELETE - Delete rows from a table
−
−	SQL injection
−	1 Cause(s) of vulnerabilities
−	2 Potential target environments
−	2.1 Navigating unfamiliar databases without the C API
−	2.1.1 MySQL database mapping
−	2.1.2 PostgreSQL mapping
−	2.1.3 MS SQL mapping
−	2.1.4 Legacy databases
−	2.2 Databasing engines compared and contrasted in light of SQL injection
−	2.2.1 Information_schema
−	2.2.2 Functions & environment variables
−	2.2.3 Other syntax
−	2.2.4 Capabilities
−	3 Modern day SQL injection obstacles and countermeasures
−	3.1 Configuration & environment challenges
−	3.2 IDS, IPS, and web application firewalls
−	3.3 Common web application firewall HTTPD modules
−	3.4 Improper sanitizing
−	3.4.1 Partial sanitizing
−	3.4.2 Deprecated sanitizing
−	4 Basic remote tests for SQL injection vulnerabilities
−	4.1 Injection points
−	4.2 Input testing
−	4.2.1 Your first where clause injection
−	4.2.2 Reconstructing injected queries
−	5 Bypassing modern SQL injection security measures
−	5.1 Basic signature evasion
−	5.1.1 Whitespace placement
−	5.1.2 Integer and string size delimiters
−	5.1.3 Switching up the data types
−	5.1.4 Arithmetic tests
−	5.1.5 Capitalization
−	5.1.6 Extending conditional statements
−	5.2 Defeating partial sanitizing
−	5.2.1 Quotes
−	5.2.2 Whitespace filtering
−	5.3 Bypassing XSS filters during SQL injection
−	5.3.1 Testing with BETWEEN
−	5.3.2 Testing with Regular Expression Operators (REGEXP, ~, and RLIKE)
−	6 Intermediate SQL injection
−	6.1 Automation theory
−	6.2 Basic Injection : Union Select
−	6.2.1 Determining the number of columns
−	6.2.2 Extracting data
−	6.3 Intermediate testing: "SELECT" ... LIMIT clause injections
−	6.4 Intermediate injection: information retrieval via verbose errors
−	7 Advanced: manual boolean enumeration
−	7.1 Using Ascii codes and the ascii() function for enumeration
−	7.1.1 substring()
−	7.1.2 Version fingerprinting with ascii-based enumeration
−	7.1.2.1 In theory
−	7.1.2.2 In Practice
−	7.2 Using Regular Expressions for Boolean enumeration
−	7.2.1 Getting started with regular expressions
−	7.2.2 Version fingerprinting using compatible regular expressions
−	8 Expert: Timing attacks for automated boolean enumeration
−	8.1 MySQL boolean timing attacks
−	8.1.1 benchmark() and related issues
−	8.1.2 Evasive sleep() based boolean enumeration with regular expressions
−	8.1.2.1 Testing for the ability to sleep():
−	8.1.2.2 Controlling sleep() for enumeration:
−	8.1.2.3 Using sleep() to map a table name with regular expressions
−	8.2 PostgreSQL Boolean Timing Attacks
−	8.2.1 Testing for access to pg_sleep()
−	8.2.2 Using pg_sleep() with alternative comparisons for evasive boolean enumeration
−	9 Expert: Automated Single-byte exfiltration
−	9.1 Timing-based single-byte exfiltration
−	9.2 The comparative precomputation attack
−	10 Further penetration
−	10.1 Obtaining direct database access
−	10.2 Obtaining filesystem access
−	10.3 Obtaining code execution
−	11 Cheat Sheets
−	11.1 Vulnerability testing
−	11.1.1 Universal true and false statements
−	11.2 MySQL syntax reference
−	11.2.1 Mysql versions >= 5 user schema mapping (unprivileged)
−	11.2.2 Privileged MySQL (any version) user
−	11.3 PostgreSQL syntax reference
−	11.3.1 PostgreSQL schema mapping
−	11.4 Microsoft SQL syntax reference
−	11.4.1 Microsoft SQL schema mapping (unprivileged)
−	11.4.2 Privileged microsoft SQL injection
−	12 Patching SQL Injection Vulnerabilities
−	13 Further reading
−
−	Out of Order Code Execution
−	1 What is it?
−	2 Shellcode
−	3 Detecting Breakpoints
−	Social Engineering	+	== Social Engineering ==
	1 Methods		1 Methods
	1.1 Email		1.1 Email
Line 337:		Line 53:
	1.5.4 - Protecting Yourself From Social Engineering		1.5.4 - Protecting Yourself From Social Engineering
−	Subnetting	+	== Subnetting ==
	1 General Subnetting		1 General Subnetting
	2 Real Life Example of Subnetting		2 Real Life Example of Subnetting
−	Virtual machines	+	== Virtual machines ==
	1 Subsystems		1 Subsystems
	1.1 Hardware Virtualization		1.1 Hardware Virtualization
Line 349:		Line 65:
	3 Creating Vulnerable VMs for Penetration Testing		3 Creating Vulnerable VMs for Penetration Testing
−	Kolkata	+	== API ==
−	1 Description	+
−	1.1 Dependencies	+
−	1.2 Usage	+
−	2 Source	+
−	3 Signature Bundles	+
−	3.1 Wordpress	+
−	3.2 Joomla	+
−	3.3 MediaWiki	+
−		+
−	API	+
	1 API technologies		1 API technologies
	1.1 The Web		1.1 The Web
Line 368:		Line 74:
	1.2.2 COM objects (Windows)		1.2.2 COM objects (Windows)
−	Anonymity	+	==Anonymity==
	1 General Services		1 General Services
	1.1 Virtual Private Servers		1.1 Virtual Private Servers
Line 406:		Line 112:
	6.4 DNS Leaks		6.4 DNS Leaks
−	Assembly	+	==Assembly==
		+	{{info|<center>Wait for this page to be completed before adding indeces.</center>}}
	1 Introduction		1 Introduction
	2 Binary		2 Binary
Line 421:		Line 128:
	6.7 Taking it further		6.7 Taking it further
−	Bash book	+	==Buffer Overflows==
−	1 The Bash Shell - Simple usage	+	* [[buffer overflow protection]]
−	1.1 Before we dive	+	* [[cause of buffer overflow]]
−	1.2 Getting started	+	* [[example buffer overflow]]
−	1.2.1 Reading a file	+	* [[disable aslr]]
−	1.2.2 Navigating and searching through the filesystem	+	* [[vulnerable overflow application]]
−	1.2.3 Searching for files and directories	+	* [[bof.c]]
−	1.2.4 Advanced find use	+	* [[disable compiler stack protection]]
−	1.2.4.1 Combining find with xargs	+	* [[buffer overflow test]]
−	1.2.5 Executing several commands in a row	+	* [[buffer overflow testing for x86]]
−	1.2.6 Chaining programs	+	* [[buffer overflow testing for x86_64]]
−	1.2.7 Writing to files	+	* [[disable execstack]]
−	1.3 Back on board	+	* [[return address for buffer overflow]]
−	2 Advanced use, loops, stream editing, shell programs	+	* [[32 bit shellcode analysis]]
−	2.1 Before we dive	+	* [[64 bit shellcode analysis]]
−	2.2 Advanced bash	+	* [[find eip for buffer overflow]]
−	2.2.1 Sorting and removing duplicates	+	* [[find rip for buffer overflow]]
−	2.2.2 Filtering output	+	* [[x86 buffer overflow exploit]]
−	2.2.3 Displaying only part of lines	+	* [[64 bit buffer overflow exploit]]
−	2.2.4 Statistics on the output	+
−	2.3 Variables, loops and conditional statements	+
−	2.3.1 Variables	+
−	2.3.2 Conditional statements	+
−	2.3.3 Data ranges	+
−	2.3.4 The for loop	+
−	2.3.5 The while loop	+
−	2.4 Stream editing	+
−	2.5 Writing programs in bash	+
−	2.5.1 Passing arguments to programs	+
−	2.5.2 Defining functions and calling them	+
−	2.5.3 Homework	+
−	3 Conclusion	+
−	Bleeding Life	+	==C==
−	1 Bleeding Life	+	{{info|<center>Wait for this page to be completed before adding any indeces for it.</center>}}
−	1.1 Disclaimer	+
−	1.2 Features	+
−	1.2.1 Exploits	+
−	1.2.1.1 Adobe	+
−	1.2.1.2 Java	+
−	1.2.2 Statistics	+
−	1.3 Server Requirements	+
−	1.4 Installation & Configuration	+
−	1.5 Download	+
−		+
−	Buffer Overflows	+
−	1 Description	+
−	2 Defenses	+
−	2.1 ASLR	+
−	2.2 DEP	+
−	2.3 Containers	+
−	2.4 Bypassing protections	+
−	3 Maximum effectiveness	+
−	4 Causes	+
−	5 Example	+
−	5.1 Disabling ASLR	+
−	5.2 Test application	+
−	5.2.1 bof.c	+
−	5.2.2 Compiling	+
−	5.2.2.1 Potential compile-time protections	+
−	5.2.2.2 Solution for test application	+
−	5.3 Testing	+
−	5.3.1 On x86	+
−	5.3.2 On x86-64	+
−	5.4 Disabling DEP	+
−	5.5 Debugging	+
−	5.5.1 Shellcode analysis	+
−	5.5.1.1 On x86	+
−	5.5.1.2 On x86-64	+
−	5.5.2 Finding the return address	+
−	5.5.2.1 On x86	+
−	5.5.2.2 On x86-64	+
−	5.6 Exploitation	+
−	5.6.1 On x86	+
−	5.6.2 On x86-64	+
−		+
−	C	+
	1 Overview		1 Overview
	1.1 Basic Formatting		1.1 Basic Formatting
Line 508:		Line 160:
	1.6 Example Program		1.6 Example Program
−	Cookies	+	== DDoS Attack ==
−	1 Setting a cookie	+	{{info|The three way hand shake information should be placed into the [[TCP/IP]] page, which should merely be linked from the ddos attack page.}}
−	1.1 Direct HTTP programming	+
−	1.2 PHP (server side)	+
−	1.3 Javascript (client side)	+
−	2 Accessing a cookie	+
−	2.1 Direct HTTP programming (server side)	+
−	2.2 PHP	+
−	2.3 Javascript	+
−	3 Deleting a cookie	+
−	3.1 Direct HTTP programming	+
−	3.2 PHP	+
−	3.3 JavaScript	+
−	4 Flags	+
−	4.1 Secure	+
−	4.2 HttpOnly	+
−	4.3 Path	+
−	4.4 Domain	+
−	5 Attacks	+
−	5.1 Stealing cookies through XSS	+
−		+
−	Cryptography	+
−	1 Cryptography	+
−	1.1 History	+
−	1.2 Salting	+
−	1.3 Type of encryption	+
−	1.4 Encryption Attack Methods	+
−	1.5 Commandline Tools	+
−	1.5.1 Linux Tools	+
−	1.5.2 Windows Tools	+
−	1.6 Algorithms	+
−	1.6.1 Ciphers	+
−	1.6.2 Hashes	+
−	1.6.3 Modes	+
−		+
−	DDoS Attack	+
	1 Three way handshake and Connect State		1 Three way handshake and Connect State
	2 TCP Attacks		2 TCP Attacks
Line 558:		Line 176:
	4.2 ICMP Redirect		4.2 ICMP Redirect
−	File Inclusion	+	==LUA==
−	1 Introduction	+
−	2 Remote File Inclusion	+
−	3 Local File Inclusion	+
−		+
−	IPtables	+
−	1 iptables	+
−	1.1 1.0 - Introduction	+
−	1.2 1.1 - Example	+
−	1.3 1.2 - Side Note - IPtables Module	+
−		+
−	LUA	+
	1 Comments		1 Comments
	2 Variables		2 Variables
		+	*variable types in lua
	2.1 Global Variables vs Local Variables		2.1 Global Variables vs Local Variables
	3 Functions		3 Functions
−	4 Tables	+	*list of functions used by lua
		+	4 Tables
		+	*using tables in lua
	4.1 Declaring an empty Table		4.1 Declaring an empty Table
	4.2 Declaring, and populating a Table		4.2 Declaring, and populating a Table
	4.3 Indexing Tables		4.3 Indexing Tables
−	MySQL	+	==Nmap==
−	1 MySQL Setup	+
−	1.1 Installing MySQL	+
−	1.2 Setup on a personal computer	+
−	1.2.1 Setting Permissions	+
−	1.3 Basic Database Operation	+
−	1.3.1 Display	+
−	1.3.2 Creating and Deleting Databases	+
−	1.3.3 Creating and Deleting Tables	+
−	1.3.4 Editing Tables	+
−	2 MySQL Commands	+
−	2.1 Create a backup of a database	+
−	2.2 Restore an entire database	+
−	2.3 Restore a single table	+
−	2.4 Dump mysql user privileges	+
−	2.5 Restore a single database from a full dump	+
−	2.6 Extract sql for a single database from a full dump	+
−	2.7 Dumping a database in Plesk	+
−		+
−	NGINX	+
−	1 Nginx	+
−	1.1 Basic HTTP Features	+
−	1.2 Additional HTTP Features	+
−	1.3 Mail Proxy Server Features	+
−	1.4 Architecture and Scalability	+
−	2 Nginx Configuration Directives	+
−	2.1 error_log	+
−	2.1.1 Disabling error logging	+
−	2.2 access_log	+
−	2.3 proxy_pass	+
−	2.4 root	+
−	2.5 Location Block	+
−	2.5.1 Case-Insensitive	+
−	2.5.2 Case-Sensitive	+
−	2.5.3 Match "/"	+
−	2.5.4 Match everything	+
−	2.5.5 Regex Matching	+
−	3 VirtualHost Equivalents	+
−	4 Main Configuration	+
−	4.1 Log Format	+
−	4.2 Timeouts	+
−	4.3 Socket settings	+
−	4.4 Character Encoding	+
−	4.5 Security	+
−	4.6 Performance	+
−	4.7 GZIP Compression	+
−	4.8 Output Buffering	+
−	4.9 DirectoryIndex Equivalent	+
−	4.10 Upstream Example	+
−	5 NGINX & CloudFlare	+
−	5.1 HttpRealIpModule	+
−	6 Troubleshooting	+
−	6.1 .xml ISE 500	+
−	6.2 Status Page	+
−	6.2.1 Status Page Details	+
−	6.2.2 Status Stub Variables	+
−	7 Reverse Proxy & Load Balancer	+
−	7.1 Upstream (proxy/load_balancer)	+
−	7.2 LimitZone (DoS Prevention)	+
−	7.3 Apache Rewrites to NGINX Rewrites	+
−	7.3.1 Examples	+
−	7.4 SpawnFCGI Script	+
−		+
−	Nmap	+
	1 Correct Usage		1 Correct Usage
	2 Scan Types		2 Scan Types
Line 651:		Line 198:
	7 Conclusion		7 Conclusion
−	Perl	+	==Routing==
−	1 Basics	+
−	1.1 Development Environment	+
−	1.1.1 Linux & Unix	+
−	1.1.2 Windows	+
−	1.1.3 CPAN	+
−	1.2 Your first program	+
−	1.2.1 Code	+
−	1.2.2 Analysis	+
−	1.3 Variables & Data Types	+
−	1.3.1 Scalars	+
−	1.3.2 Arrays	+
−	1.3.2.1 Helper Functions	+
−	1.3.2.1.1 join()	+
−	1.3.2.1.2 split()	+
−	1.3.2.1.3 push()	+
−	1.3.2.1.4 pop()	+
−	1.3.2.1.5 unshift()	+
−	1.3.2.1.6 shift()	+
−	1.3.3 Hashes	+
−	1.3.3.1 Introduction	+
−	1.3.3.2 Helper Functions	+
−	1.3.3.2.1 each()	+
−	1.3.3.2.2 keys	+
−	1.3.4 References	+
−	1.3.4.1 Hash References	+
−	1.3.4.2 Callback References	+
−	1.3.5 Casting	+
−	1.4 Boolean Logic	+
−	1.4.1 Operators	+
−	1.4.1.1 Mathematical	+
−	1.4.1.2 Regular Expression	+
−	1.4.2 Statements	+
−	1.4.2.1 if	+
−	1.4.2.2 unless	+
−	1.4.2.3 AND an OR	+
−	1.4.2.4 switch	+
−	1.4.2.5 Golfing	+
−	1.4.3 Helper Natives	+
−	1.4.3.1 exists	+
−	1.4.3.2 defined	+
−	1.4.3.3 undef	+
−	1.4.4 Bitwise Manipulations	+
−	1.4.4.1 AND	+
−	1.4.4.2 NOT	+
−	1.4.4.3 OR	+
−	1.4.4.4 XOR	+
−	1.4.4.5 Bit Shifting	+
−	1.4.4.6 Bit Rotation	+
−	1.5 Loops	+
−	1.5.1 While	+
−	1.5.2 Until	+
−	1.5.3 For	+
−	1.5.4 Foreach	+
−	1.6 User Input	+
−	1.6.1 Command Line Arguments	+
−	1.6.1.1 Getopt::Std	+
−	1.6.1.1.1 Code	+
−	1.6.1.1.2 Analysis	+
−	1.6.1.2 Getopt::Long	+
−	1.6.1.2.1 Code	+
−	1.6.1.2.2 Analysis	+
−	1.6.2 STDIN (Standard Input)	+
−	1.7 User-Defined Functions	+
−	2 Application configurations, logging, & Network Services	+
−	2.1 Throughput	+
−	2.1.1 Download	+
−	2.1.2 Usage	+
−	2.1.2.1 Config.pm	+
−	2.1.2.2 Log.pm	+
−	2.1.2.3 Server.pm	+
−		+
−	Postfix Notation	+
−	1 Lesson	+
−	2 1.0 - Introduction	+
−	3 2.0 - So WTF is a stack?	+
−	4 2.1 - PostFix Expression	+
−	5 2.2 - Example	+
−	6 2.3 - Back to PostFix	+
−	7 3.0 - Binary Trees	+
−	8 3.1 - Example	+
−	9 4.0 - Conclusion	+
−	10 5.0 - Recommended Resource:	+
−		+
−	Routing	+
	1 Subnetting Schemes		1 Subnetting Schemes
	2 Real World Examples		2 Real World Examples
Line 741:		Line 204:
	4 Extras		4 Extras
−	SMTP	+	==Tor==
−	1 Overview	+
−	1.1 What is SMTP	+
−	1.2 Port Information	+
−	1.3 Applications that use SMTP	+
−		+
−	SQL Backdoor	+
−	1 Concept	+
−	1.1 Subprocedures	+
−	1.2 Event Procedures	+
−	2 Implementation	+
−	2.1 MySQL	+
−	2.1.1 Syntax	+
−	2.1.2 Example A: phpBB3 backdoor (UPDATE hook)	+
−	2.1.2.1 Code	+
−	2.1.2.2 Analysis	+
−	2.1.3 Example B: Wordpress backdoor (INSERT hook)	+
−	2.1.3.1 Code	+
−	2.1.3.2 Analysis	+
−	2.2 Backdoor Installation	+
−	2.2.1 Access/Configuration Requirements	+
−	2.2.2 Writing to file and using "source"	+
−	2.2.3 Writing directly into the command line	+
−	3 Mitigation	+
−	4 Taking it further	+
−		+
−	Tor	+
	1 How It Works		1 How It Works
	2 Common Pitfalls		2 Common Pitfalls
Line 775:		Line 212:
	5 External Links		5 External Links
−	Unsafe String Replacement	+	==Unsafe String Replacement==
−	1 Overview	+	* [[why string replacement can be unsafe]]
−	2 Examples	+	* [[unsafe string replacement in php]]
−	2.1 PHP	+	* [[unsafe string replacement using regular expressions]]
−	2.2 PCRE	+	* [[unsafe string replacement example]]
		+	* [[prevent unsafe string replacement]]
	3 Defense		3 Defense
	3.1 PHP		3.1 PHP
Line 785:		Line 223:
	3.3 Whitelisting using PCRE		3.3 Whitelisting using PCRE
−	Vanguard	+	== Zombies ==
−	1 Description	+
−	1.1 Features	+
−	1.2 Limitations	+
−	1.3 Usage	+
−	1.4 Installation	+
−	1.4.1 Application Dependencies	+
−	1.4.2 Perl Dependencies	+
−	1.5 Configuration	+
−	1.5.1 Main Configuration	+
−	1.5.2 WebCrawler	+
−	1.5.3 Nmap Module	+
−	1.5.4 Local File Inclusion	+
−	1.5.5 LDAP	+
−	1.5.6 Remote File Inclusion	+
−	1.5.7 Command Injection	+
−	1.5.8 SQL injection	+
−	2 Download	+
−		+
−	Whois	+
−	1 Lesson	+
−	1.1 0.0 - Intro to Whois	+
−	1.2 1.0 - Picking a Server	+
−	1.3 2.0 - Getting the information that you want	+
−	1.4 3.0 - Domain Whois Example	+
−		+
−	XSS	+
−	1 Introduction	+
−	2 Testing for XSS	+
−	3 XSS Exploitation	+
−	4 External links	+
−		+
−	Zombies	+
	1 Definition		1 Definition
	2 Exploitation		2 Exploitation
Line 824:		Line 230:
	5 Evolution		5 Evolution
−	BGP	+	== BGP ==
	1 Lesson 1		1 Lesson 1
	1.1 Network Discovery with BGP		1.1 Network Discovery with BGP
Line 833:		Line 239:
	2.1.3 3.0 - RIP		2.1.3 3.0 - RIP
−	Bcrypt	+	== Bcrypt ==
	1 Lesson		1 Lesson
	2 1.0 - Introduction		2 1.0 - Introduction
Line 840:		Line 246:
	5 4.0 - Further Reading		5 4.0 - Further Reading
−	CPP	+	==Forensic chain of custody==
−	1 Syntax	+
−	1.1 Includes	+
−	1.2 Main function	+
−	1.3 Variables and Data Types	+
−	1.4 Operators	+
−	1.4.1 Assignment	+
−	1.4.1.1 Compound Assignment	+
−	1.4.2 Arithmetic	+
−	1.4.3 Relational	+
−	1.4.4 Logical	+
−	1.4.5 Increment/Decrement	+
−	1.5 If & Else	+
−	1.6 Functions	+
−	1.7 Loop Functions	+
−	1.8 Classes	+
−	2 Your first program: Hello World	+
−	2.1 The code	+
−	2.2 Compiling the Hello World	+
−	3 Example Program: Functions	+
−	3.1 The code	+
−	3.2 Compiling Example Program	+
−	4 Example Program: Classes	+
−	4.1 The code	+
−	4.2 Output	+
−	5 Integrated Development Environment	+
−		+
−	Command Injection	+
−	1 Overview	+
−	1.1 Testing for Injection	+
−	1.2 Example vulnerability	+
−	1.3 Exploitation	+
−	1.4 UNIX	+
−	1.5 Perl	+
−		+
−	Dmcrypt	+
−	1 Getting Started	+
−	2 Encryption Ciphers and Algorithms	+
−	2.1 Hashing Algorithms	+
−	2.2 Ciphers	+
−	3 Setting Up a Block Device	+
−	3.1 Creating a Partition	+
−	3.2 Creating a Flat File	+
−	4 LVM and the Device Mapper	+
−	4.1 Obtaining Support	+
−	4.2 Creating Encrypted LVM Partitions	+
−	5 Encrypting the Flat File	+
−	6 Starting and Stopping the Service	+
−	7 External Links	+
−		+
−	Forensic chain of custody	+
	1 Forensic Chain of Custody		1 Forensic Chain of Custody
	1.1 Acquisition		1.1 Acquisition
Line 896:		Line 252:
	1.3 Active Memory Snapshots		1.3 Active Memory Snapshots
−	Gentoo	+	==Gentoo==
	1 Virtual Machine Setup		1 Virtual Machine Setup
	2 Hard Drive Setup		2 Hard Drive Setup
Line 920:		Line 276:
	18 Troubleshooting		18 Troubleshooting
−	Hacking index	+	==Irssi Tutorial==
−	1 Introduction	+
−	1.1 System administration	+
−	1.2 Networking	+
−	2 Exploitation	+
−	2.1 Applications	+
−	2.2 Web applications	+
−	3 Maintaining access	+
−	4 Countermeasures	+
−		+
−	Irssi Tutorial	+
	1 Getting Irssi		1 Getting Irssi
	1.1 Debian/Ubuntu		1.1 Debian/Ubuntu
Line 942:		Line 288:
	4 References		4 References
−	Jynx Rootkit/1.0	+	==Jynx Rootkit/1.0==
	1 Jynx		1 Jynx
	1.1 Introduction		1.1 Introduction
Line 949:		Line 295:
	1.4 Usage		1.4 Usage
−	Linux Assembly	+	==Linux Assembly==
		+	{{info|<center>Wait until this page is completed before creating any indeces for it.</center>}}
	1 32 bit syscall table		1 32 bit syscall table
	1.1 Introduction		1.1 Introduction
Line 958:		Line 305:
	2.1 Example: Assembly for setuid(0); execve('/bin/sh',0,0); exit(0);		2.1 Example: Assembly for setuid(0); execve('/bin/sh',0,0); exit(0);
−	MySQL Troubleshooting	+	==Physical Security==
−	1 MySQL Troubleshooting	+
−	1.1 InnoDB Disabled	+
−	1.2 Locked Tables	+
−	1.3 Post-Upgrade - MySQL does not start	+
−	1.4 MySQL Top Resources Script	+
−	1.5 MySQL Datadir Migration	+
−	1.5.1 If /var is full	+
−	1.6 Post-migration	+
−	1.7 Database Repair	+
−	1.7.1 Repair Corrupted Database (REPAIR)	+
−	1.7.2 Repair Corrupted Database (With FRM)	+
−	1.7.3 Repair ALL Databases and Reindex Tables	+
−	1.8 InnoDB Thread Issues	+
−	1.9 Slow Query Log	+
−	2 Optimization Scripts	+
−	2.1 MySQL Tuning Primer	+
−	2.2 MySQL Tuner	+
−	3 Downgrading	+
−	3.1 Downgrading MySQL	+
−	4 Upgrading MySQL	+
−	5 Configuration File Formulas	+
−	5.1 Calculating Minimum Memory Needed	+
−	5.2 Configuration Variables	+
−	6 Premade Configs	+
−	6.1 VPS	+
−	6.2 Server with 1G-2G RAM	+
−	6.3 Server with 3G-8G RAM	+
−	6.4 Server with 8G+ RAM	+
−		+
−	Physical Security	+
	1 Overview		1 Overview
	2 Execution		2 Execution
Line 994:		Line 311:
	2.2 Attack Vectors		2.2 Attack Vectors
−	Polymorphic	+	==RoR Patching==
−	1 Reasons to write polymorphic code	+
−	2 Techniques of polymorphic code writing	+
−	3 Example in ruby	+
−	3.1 pv.rb (polymorphic virus)	+
−	3.2 md.rb (utility functions)	+
−	4 Example in python	+
−	4.1 poly.py	+
−		+
−	Python	+
−	1 Strengths and Weaknesses of Python	+
−	2 Installation	+
−	3 Basic Application	+
−	3.1 Python Operators	+
−	3.2 Variable Definition	+
−	3.3 Printing and Receiving Input	+
−	3.4 Commenting	+
−	4 Modules	+
−	4.1 Third-Party and Custom Modules	+
−	4.2 Calling on a function within a module	+
−	5 Variable Operation	+
−	5.1 List Operations	+
−	5.1.1 Advanced List Operations	+
−	5.1.1.1 append()	+
−	5.1.1.2 insert()	+
−	5.1.1.3 index()	+
−	5.2 String Operations	+
−	5.2.1 strip()	+
−	5.2.2 split()	+
−	5.2.3 find()	+
−	5.3 Typecasting	+
−	6 Statements and Loops	+
−	6.1 If Statement	+
−	6.1.1 If	+
−	6.1.2 If-Else	+
−	6.1.3 If-Elif	+
−	6.2 While Loop	+
−	6.3 For Loop	+
−	7 Functions	+
−	8 Classes	+
−	9 File Handling	+
−	9.1 Opening and closing a file	+
−	9.2 Reading from a file	+
−	9.2.1 read()	+
−	9.2.2 readline()	+
−	9.2.3 readlines()	+
−	10 Socket Programming	+
−	10.1 Creating a Socket	+
−	10.2 Connecting a Socket	+
−	10.3 Binding and Accepting	+
−	10.3.1 Binding	+
−	10.3.2 Listening	+
−	10.3.3 Accepting	+
−	10.4 Sending and Receiving	+
−	10.4.1 Encoding	+
−	10.4.2 Sending and Receiving	+
−	10.5 SSL	+
−	11 Ctypes	+
−	11.1 Loading a Shared Object	+
−	11.2 Calling a function from a loaded Shared Object	+
−	11.2.1 readlines()	+
−		+
−	RoR Patching	+
	1 RoR Patching		1 RoR Patching
	1.1 Vulnerabilities		1.1 Vulnerabilities
Line 1,062:		Line 317:
	1.3 Params Injection & Mass Assignment Abuse		1.3 Params Injection & Mass Assignment Abuse
−	Snort	+	==Snort==
	1 Basic Packet Sniffing Utilities		1 Basic Packet Sniffing Utilities
	2 Rules		2 Rules
Line 1,069:		Line 324:
	2.3 Example Rule		2.3 Example Rule
−	Static ARP Configuration	+	== traceroute ==
−	1 Reading your ARP Tables	+	{{info|before this part is done, traceroute and tcp traceroute '''must be combined''', its the same thing with a different three letter acronym before it!}}
−	2 Prevention	+
−	2.1 ProxyARP	+
−	2.1.1 Uses	+
−	2.1.2 Advantages	+
−	2.1.3 Disadvantages	+
−	2.1.4 Further reading	+
−	2.2 Bonding	+
−		+
	TCP Traceroute		TCP Traceroute
	1 Overview		1 Overview
Line 1,093:		Line 340:
	5 Options for Traceroute		5 Options for Traceroute
−	Wireless Security	+	== Wireless Security ==
		+	{{info|This page needs to be completed and updated before it is seo'd.}}
	1 Basics		1 Basics
	2 Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)		2 Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
Line 1,101:		Line 349:
	--[[User:Hatter|Hatter]] 03:23, 21 May 2012 (MSK)		--[[User:Hatter|Hatter]] 03:23, 21 May 2012 (MSK)
		+
		+	== bitwise math ==
		+
		+
		+	*[[introduction to binary]]
		+	*[[binary addition]]
		+	*[[bitwise operators]]
		+	*[[binary to hexadecimal]]
		+	*[[not]]
		+	*[[and]]
		+	*[[and rules]]
		+	*[[and properties]]
		+	*[[and logic table]]
		+	*[[bitwise and example]]
		+	*[[xor]]
		+	*[[xor logic table]]
		+	*[[xor rules]]
		+	*[[bitwise xor example]]
		+	*[[xor properties]]
		+	*[[or]]
		+	*[[or rules]]
		+	*[[or properties]]
		+	*[[or example]]
		+	*[[or logic table]]
		+	*[[bit shifts and bit rotations]]
		+	*[[logical shift]]
		+	*[[bitwise math exercises]]
		+	*[[bit rotations]]
		+	*[[circular shifts]]
		+	*[[hexadecimal signed numbers]]
		+	*[[integer overflows]]
		+	*[[two's complement]]
		+	*[[rotation with carry]]

---

Latest revision as of 05:42, 27 June 2012

intermediate shellcode stuff

most of this stuff goes to the Category:Indexing .

• introduction to printable 32-bit x86 polymorphic shellcode
• alphanumeric x86_64 instructions
• intercompatible alphanumeric x86 instructions
• alphanumeric x86 architecture detection
• alphanumeric x86_64 data manipulation
• converting x86_64 shellcode to alphanumeric shellcode

Computer Forensics

   1 Cybercrime
       1.1 Investigation
       1.2 Preserving the evidence
       1.3 Where to find evidence
           1.3.1 Hardwarewise
           1.3.2 Softwarewise
   2 Forensic Imaging
       2.1 HardDisk Imaging

Cyberlaw

   1 Australian Cyberlaw
       1.1 Acts Applying to Cybercrime in Australia
       1.2 Cybercrime Act 2001 Offences
       1.3 Case Study: First Cybercrime Conviction in Australia
   2 European Cyberlaw
       2.1 Definititons of Cybercrime as per the Budapest Convention

Network Recon

   1 IP Addressing
   2 Subnet Masks
   3 Ports
   4 Routing
   5 Theory
   6 Tools

Social Engineering

   1 Methods
       1.1 Email
       1.2 Telephone
       1.3 Examples
       1.4 Lesson 1
           1.4.1 - Preface by Wikipedia
           1.4.2 - Outline of Social Engineering
           1.4.3 - Analysing and Creating Milestones
           1.4.4 - Mantras for Social Engineering
           1.4.5 - Example
           1.4.6 - Other Uses
       1.5 Lesson 2 - Politeness
           1.5.1 - Introduction
           1.5.2 - Things To Keep in Mind
           1.5.3 - Putting Social Engineering to Work
           1.5.4 - Protecting Yourself From Social Engineering

Subnetting

   1 General Subnetting
   2 Real Life Example of Subnetting

Virtual machines

   1 Subsystems
       1.1 Hardware Virtualization
       1.2 Host Machine
       1.3 Guest Machine
   2 Virtualization Tools
   3 Creating Vulnerable VMs for Penetration Testing

API

   1 API technologies
       1.1 The Web
           1.1.1 Web services
           1.1.2 Remote Procedure Calls
       1.2 General software
           1.2.1 Software Libraries
           1.2.2 COM objects (Windows)

Anonymity

   1 General Services
       1.1 Virtual Private Servers
       1.2 Virtual Private Networks
       1.3 SSH Tunneling
           1.3.1 Basic Example of SSH Tunneling
       1.4 Shell Accounts
       1.5 FTP / Telnet
   2 Web-Browsing
       2.1 General
           2.1.1 Best Practices
       2.2 Firefox
           2.2.1 Recommended Extensions
       2.3 TODO
   3 Email Privacy
       3.1 PGP / GNUPG Encryption
       3.2 Anonymous Remailers
       3.3 Throw-away Accounts
   4 IM & Chat
       4.1 Instant Messaging
           4.1.1 Pidgin
               4.1.1.1 Using OTR
           4.1.2 TorChat
           4.1.3 TorPM
           4.1.4 ICQ
       4.2 Chat
           4.2.1 IRC
               4.2.1.1 Using OTR
           4.2.2 SILC
               4.2.2.1 Key based authentication
           4.2.3 Utilising IRC Bouncers
   5 Files & Hard-Disk Encryption
   6 Possible Downfalls
       6.1 Network Performance
       6.2 Personal Information
       6.3 IP Leaks
       6.4 DNS Leaks

Assembly

Wait for this page to be completed before adding indeces.

   1 Introduction
   2 Binary
   3 Number handling
   4 Data storage
   5 Memory Addressing
   6 Instructions
       6.1 Syntaxes
       6.2 Data manipulation basic primitives
       6.3 Basic arithmetic
       6.4 Bitwise mathematics operators
       6.5 Shifts and rotations
       6.6 Control flow operators
       6.7 Taking it further

Buffer Overflows

• buffer overflow protection
• cause of buffer overflow
• example buffer overflow
• disable aslr
• vulnerable overflow application
• bof.c
• disable compiler stack protection
• buffer overflow test
• buffer overflow testing for x86
• buffer overflow testing for x86_64
• disable execstack
• return address for buffer overflow
• 32 bit shellcode analysis
• 64 bit shellcode analysis
• find eip for buffer overflow
• find rip for buffer overflow
• x86 buffer overflow exploit
• 64 bit buffer overflow exploit

C

Wait for this page to be completed before adding any indeces for it.

   1 Overview
       1.1 Basic Formatting
           1.1.1 Includes
           1.1.2 The main() Function
       1.2 Variables
       1.3 Loops
       1.4 If/Else
       1.5 Compilation
       1.6 Example Program

DDoS Attack

The three way hand shake information should be placed into the TCP/IP page, which should merely be linked from the ddos attack page.

   1 Three way handshake and Connect State
   2 TCP Attacks
       2.1 Synflood
           2.1.1 Spoofed Synflood
           2.1.2 Dealing with Synfloods
       2.2 Advanced Attacks
           2.2.1 Optimistic ACK Floods
           2.2.2 Duplicate ACK Spoofing
   3 UDP Attacks
       3.1 Dealing with UDP floods
   4 ICMP Attacks
       4.1 ICMP Smurf
       4.2 ICMP Redirect

LUA

   1 Comments
   2 Variables

• variable types in lua

       2.1 Global Variables vs Local Variables
   3 Functions

• list of functions used by lua

  4 Tables

• using tables in lua

       4.1 Declaring an empty Table
       4.2 Declaring, and populating a Table
       4.3 Indexing Tables

Nmap

   1 Correct Usage
   2 Scan Types
   3 Options
   4 Evasion Techniques
   5 Target Specification
   6 Script Scanning
   7 Conclusion

Routing

   1 Subnetting Schemes
   2 Real World Examples
   3 Back to Subnetting
   4 Extras

Tor

   1 How It Works
   2 Common Pitfalls
   3 Getting Tor and Extra Uses
       3.1 Proxychains and Tor-Resolve
   4 Hidden services
   5 External Links

Unsafe String Replacement

• why string replacement can be unsafe
• unsafe string replacement in php
• unsafe string replacement using regular expressions
• unsafe string replacement example
• prevent unsafe string replacement

   3 Defense
       3.1 PHP
       3.2 PCRE
       3.3 Whitelisting using PCRE

Zombies

   1 Definition
   2 Exploitation
   3 Types of Attacks
   4 Staying Safe
   5 Evolution

BGP

   1 Lesson 1
       1.1 Network Discovery with BGP
   2 Lesson 2
       2.1 ASN/BGP/RIP
           2.1.1 1.0 - Introduction
           2.1.2 2.0 - Example
           2.1.3 3.0 - RIP

Bcrypt

   1 Lesson
   2 1.0 - Introduction
   3 2.0 - Running bcrypt
   4 3.0 - General Talk
   5 4.0 - Further Reading

Forensic chain of custody

   1 Forensic Chain of Custody
       1.1 Acquisition
       1.2 Witnesses and Documentation
       1.3 Active Memory Snapshots

Gentoo

   1 Virtual Machine Setup
   2 Hard Drive Setup
   3 Base installation and Configuration
   4 CHROOT
   5 Installing Software
   6 Encrypted Home Dir
   7 Kernel
   8 Final Configurations
   9 Bootloader
   10 X Server
   11 BASH
       11.1 Part 1: Reading files
       11.2 Part 2: Navigation
       11.3 Other useful commands
       11.4 Directing output
   12 Screen
   13 Services
   14 Network Services
   15 Debugging Services
   16 Permissions and Security Basics
   17 Getting Help
   18 Troubleshooting

Irssi Tutorial

   1 Getting Irssi
       1.1 Debian/Ubuntu
       1.2 Gentoo
       1.3 Slackware
       1.4 Frugalware
       1.5 Solaris
       1.6 Arch Linux
   2 Connecting to the IRC
   3 Sample config file
   4 References

Jynx Rootkit/1.0

   1 Jynx
       1.1 Introduction
       1.2 Configuration & Features
       1.3 Exercise & Installation
       1.4 Usage

Linux Assembly

Wait until this page is completed before creating any indeces for it.

   1 32 bit syscall table
       1.1 Introduction
       1.2 Unlinked System Calls for 32bit systems
       1.3 Linked System Calls for 32bit systems
       1.4 Other Code Comparisons
   2 64 bit syscall table
       2.1 Example: Assembly for setuid(0); execve('/bin/sh',0,0); exit(0);

Physical Security

   1 Overview
   2 Execution
       2.1 Prevention
       2.2 Attack Vectors

RoR Patching

   1 RoR Patching
       1.1 Vulnerabilities
       1.2 XSS
       1.3 Params Injection & Mass Assignment Abuse

Snort

   1 Basic Packet Sniffing Utilities
   2 Rules
       2.1 Rule Headers
       2.2 Rule Option Section
       2.3 Example Rule

traceroute

before this part is done, traceroute and tcp traceroute must be combined, its the same thing with a different three letter acronym before it!

TCP Traceroute

   1 Overview
       1.1 vs. UDP/ICMP
       1.2 What you can do
           1.2.1 Windows
           1.2.2 Linux

Traceroute

   1 Performing a Traceroute
   2 Example of Tracert
   3 Options for Tracert
   4 Example of Traceroute
   5 Options for Traceroute

Wireless Security

This page needs to be completed and updated before it is seo'd.

   1 Basics
   2 Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)
   3 Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA / WPA2-PSK)
   4 Tools
   5 Reaver

--Hatter 03:23, 21 May 2012 (MSK)

bitwise math

• introduction to binary
• binary addition
• bitwise operators
• binary to hexadecimal
• not
• and
• and rules
• and properties
• and logic table
• bitwise and example
• xor
• xor logic table
• xor rules
• bitwise xor example
• xor properties
• or
• or rules
• or properties
• or example
• or logic table
• bit shifts and bit rotations
• logical shift
• bitwise math exercises
• bit rotations
• circular shifts
• hexadecimal signed numbers
• integer overflows
• two's complement
• rotation with carry