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Kolkata

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Main article: Web exploitation tools

Kolkata is a web application fingerprinting engine written in Perl that combines cryptography with IDS evasion. Kolkata uses session splicing for IDS evasion and configurable checksums of static files in order to determine the version of a web application.

Special thanks to fxm and hatter for their contributions to this article.

Dependencies

  • LibWhisker2 - This comes bundled in the tarball, with nikto, and a variety of other tools on this site.
  • YAML::XS - Install with cpan in bash (cpan -i YAML::XS)

Usage

 kolkata.pl -d domain.tld [-v -p [remote_path_to_web_application]]

Source

<syntaxhighlight lang="perl">

  1. !/usr/bin/perl
  2. @url http://www.blackhatacademy.net/
  3. @author fxm+hatter

use strict; use YAML; use YAML::XS; use Digest::MD5 qw(md5_hex); use LW2; use Getopt::Std;

my @apps; my %opts;

getopts('c:p:d:v', \%opts);

usage() unless $opts{d};

my $domain = $opts{d}; my $verbose = 0; $verbose = 1 if $opts{v}; my $path = ; $path = $opts{p} if ($opts{p});


opendir(SIGDIR, "./sigs/") or die $!; my @filenames = grep { 

    /\.yml$/
     && -f "./sigs/$_"

} readdir(SIGDIR);

my $i = 0;

foreach my $file (@filenames) { 

   $apps[$i] = YAML::XS::LoadFile("./sigs/$file");
   $i++;

}


foreach my $app (@apps) { 

   print "Downloading " . $path . $app->{'config'}->{'check_file'} . " to check for " . $app->{'config'}->{'app_name'} . "\n";
   my $contents = download($path . $app->{'config'}->{'check_file'}, $domain);    
   my $target_md5 = md5_hex($contents);
   foreach my $sig (keys %{$app->{'sigs'
) { 
       print "Comparing $target_md5 with " . $app->{'sigs'}->{$sig} . " for " . $app->{'config'}->{'app_name'} . " " . $sig . " detection.\n" if ($verbose > 0);
       die($app->{'config'}->{'app_name'} . " version " . $sig ."\n") if ($app->{'sigs'}->{$sig} eq $target_md5);
   }

}

sub usage { 

   print "kolkata.pl -d domain.tld [-v -p [remote_path_to_web_application]]\n";
   exit(0);

}

sub download { 

   my $uri = shift;
   my $try = 5;
   my $host = shift;
   my %request;
   my %response;
   LW2::http_init_request(\%request);
   $request{'whisker'}->{'method'} = "GET";
   $request{'whisker'}->{'host'} = $host;
   $request{'whisker'}->{'uri'} = $uri;
   $request{'whisker'}->{'encode_anti_ids'} = 9;
   $request{'User-Agent'} = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US) AppleWebKit/534.10 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/8.0.552.237 Safari/534.10";
   LW2::http_fixup_request(\%request);
   if(LW2::http_do_request(\%request, \%response)) {
       if($try < 5) {
           print "Failed to fetch $uri on try $try. Retrying...\n";
           return undef if(!download($uri, $try++));
       }
       print "Failed to fetch $uri.\n";
       return undef;
   } else {
       return ($response{'whisker'}->{'data'}, $response{'whisker'}->{'data'});
   }

}

</syntaxhighlight>}}

Signature Bundles

c3el4.png Each signature bundle is written in yaml.

Wordpress

  • sigs/wordpress.yml
---
config:
  app_name: Wordpress
  check_file: /wp-includes/js/tinymce/tiny_mce.js
sigs:
  2.0: a306a72ce0f250e5f67132dc6bcb2ccb
  2.1: 4f04728cb4631a553c4266c14b9846aa
  2.2: 25e1e78d5b0c221e98e14c6e8c62084f
  2.3: 83c83d0f0a71bd57c320d93e59991c53
  2.5: 7293453cf0ff5a9a4cfe8cebd5b5a71a
  2.6: 61740709537bd19fb6e03b7e11eb8812
  2.7: e6bbc53a727f3af003af272fd229b0b2
  2.8.5: 56c606da29ea9b8f8d823eeab8038ee8
  2.9.1: 128e75ed19d49a94a771586bf83265ec
  3.0.0: 128e75ed19d49a94a771586bf83265ec
  3.0.1: 0711a6aa3862ac0dd2f9ef1a3d26f809
  3.0.2: 0711a6aa3862ac0dd2f9ef1a3d26f809
  3.0.3: 0711a6aa3862ac0dd2f9ef1a3d26f809
  3.0.4: 0711a6aa3862ac0dd2f9ef1a3d26f809
  3.0.5: 0711a6aa3862ac0dd2f9ef1a3d26f809
  3.0.6: 0711a6aa3862ac0dd2f9ef1a3d26f809
  3.1: c67211f73b63e773e626127aa95338c2
  3.1.1: 1786644689f0495f07d5ae1737395108
  3.1.2: 1786644689f0495f07d5ae1737395108
  3.1.3: 1786644689f0495f07d5ae1737395108
  3.1.4: 1786644689f0495f07d5ae1737395108
  3.2: b2c6b6d221c816948248b453046355eb
  3.2.1: b2c6b6d221c816948248b453046355eb
  3.3.1: 9754385dabfc67c8b6d49ad4acba25c3

Joomla

  • sigs/joomla.yml
---
config:
  app_name: Joomla
  check_file: /includes/js/joomla.javascript.js
sigs:
  1.0.11: 1d28094f16c310591b855982759bc992
  1.0.14: 9570ccaab7cdac45e6727740515ce69a
  1.0.15: 9570ccaab7cdac45e6727740515ce69a
  1.0.4: 1080567bb801a301e3be618805a55125
  1.0.6: 1080567bb801a301e3be618805a55125
  1.0.8: 222ab5eb9cb8136619053a4f8358b9a5
  1.5.1: b891f61dc9b85a9193592c9d13e9c97a
  1.5.10: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7
  1.5.11: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7
  1.5.14: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7
  1.5.15: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7
  1.5.4: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7
  1.5.5: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7
  1.5.8: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7
  1.5.9: 326412fc179cb787500adffada69c4e7

MediaWiki

  • sigs/mediawiki.yml
---
config:
  app_name: MediaWiki
  check_file: /skins/simple/main.css
sigs:
  1.10.0: 31ef23cbcdf689bd68d957ae0d8b8a19 
  1.10.2: 31ef23cbcdf689bd68d957ae0d8b8a19
  1.10.3: 31ef23cbcdf689bd68d957ae0d8b8a19
  1.13.0: 6781b4412fbc451b792c4cdc88b0a1fa
  1.13.5: 6781b4412fbc451b792c4cdc88b0a1fa
  1.14.0: 846eec3b6696476a79548b82bf48e492
  1.14.1: 846eec3b6696476a79548b82bf48e492
  1.15.1: b6301262680144f1709d995a6c097db8
  1.5.2: 2fb3891102f9fe2d37a4bdb47b8f42de
  1.5.8: 2fb3891102f9fe2d37a4bdb47b8f42de
  1.8.2: 5d52c4473189e70e4878a5a7b38e3a82
  1.9.2: 24b79f325b32661fd24c93d7d2e8ccef
  1.9.4: 24b79f325b32661fd24c93d7d2e8ccef


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